<a href="http://www.openmedicine.ca/article/view/298/245">http://www.openmedicine.ca/article/view/298/245</a><br><br>
<div id="MainTitle">"The chain of communication in health science: from researcher to health worker through open access"</div><br><br><p>Globally, the public and private sectors spend billions of dollars
each year on biomedical and health-related research. Yet in many parts
of the world, health care systems are far from achieving the health
outcomes targeted by the UN Millennium Development Goals The reasons for
this disparity are complex, but one key factor that has been
consistently identified is the failure to translate research into
effective policy and practices. Not surprisingly, then, health agencies
and funding bodies around the world are paying closer attention to what
is now generally described as “knowledge translation,” developing
mechanisms that “strengthen communication between health researchers and
users of health knowledge, enhance capacity for knowledge uptake, and
accelerate the flow of knowledge into beneficial health applications.”<span class="xref"><sup><a href="http://www.openmedicine.ca/article/viewArticle/298/245#ref1">1</a></sup></span></p>
<p>At the same time, research funding agencies are recognizing that a
key component of the knowledge translation process is ensuring that the
primary research resulting from their funding is shared as widely as
possible. As Robert Terry, a former senior policy adviser at the
Wellcome Trust, the largest private charitable medical funding agency in
the UK, said, “Just funding the research is a job only half done. A
fundamental part of [our] mission is to ensure the widest possible
dissemination and unrestricted access to that research.”<span class="xref"><sup><a href="http://www.openmedicine.ca/article/viewArticle/298/245#ref2">2</a></sup></span>
The Wellcome Trust believes that maximizing access to the research they
fund will increase the health applications and benefits of that
research. As a result, since 2005 the Trust has made it a condition that
all those receiving grants must deposit electronic copies of journal
articles resulting from Wellcome funding into the UK PubMed Central open
access repository within 6 months of publication.<span class="xref"><sup><a href="http://www.openmedicine.ca/article/viewArticle/298/245#ref3">3</a></sup></span></p>
<p>One of the first groups to require deposit of articles in open access
institutional repositories (IRs) was Research Councils UK, which
includes the Medical Research Council. More recently, the US National
Institutes of Health (NIH), the world’s largest medical funding body,
made it mandatory for researchers to submit final peer-reviewed journal
manuscripts that result from NIH funding to PubMed Central. This
requirement was made into law by the US Congress, which passed the
Public Access Policy (Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008).<span class="xref"><sup><a href="http://www.openmedicine.ca/article/viewArticle/298/245#ref4">4</a></sup></span>
Likewise, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) enacted an
open access policy requiring authors who received CIHR funding to make
their publications openly available within 6 months of publication. In
addition, CIHR grant recipients are required to deposit bioinformatics,
as well as atomic and molecular coordinate data, into the appropriate
public database immediately upon publication of research results (e.g.,
nucleic acid sequences must be deposited into GenBank).<span class="xref"><sup><a href="http://www.openmedicine.ca/article/viewArticle/298/245#ref5">5</a></sup></span></p><br><br>Full article at<br><a href="http://www.openmedicine.ca/article/view/298/245">http://www.openmedicine.ca/article/view/298/245</a><br>