[Insight-users] THE SHARING OF SCIENCE

Thu Jul 31 04:29:28 EDT 2008

	Also, I would advice you

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wisdom_of_Crowds

	Best.

Luis Ibanez escribió:
> 
> from
> 
> "Wikinomics"
> "How Mass Collaboration Changes Everything"
> Don Tapscott and Anthony Williams
> http://www.wikinomics.com/book/
> pages 157-160.
> 
> 
> ---------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> 
> THE SHARING OF SCIENCE
> 
> 
> 
> Call it collaborative science, or even Science 2.0. The Enlightenment
> [of the seventeenth century] accomplished real alchemy, turning research
> into knowledge by spawning the practice of open scientific publishing.
> But a centuries-long trend toward openness did not stop there. Today a
> new scientific paradigm of comparable significance is on the verge of
> ignition, inspired by the same technological forces that are turning the
> Web into a massive collaborative work space.
> 
> 
> Just as collaborative tools and applications are reshaping enterprises,
> the new Web will forever change the way scientists publish, manage data,
> and collaborate across institutional boundaries. The walls dividing
> institutions will crumble, and open scientific networks will emerge in
> their place. All of the world's scientific data and research will at
> last be available to every single researcher -gratis- without prejudice
> or burden.
> 
> 
> Unrealistic you say? Not really, when you consider that conventional
> scientific publishing is both slow and expensive for users, and that
> these issues, in turn, are increasingly big problems in science. Visit
> any campus today and you'll hear ever louder vocal cries for the old
> paradigm to be swept aside. As new forms of peer collaboration and
> open-access publishing emerge, this looks more likely by the day.
> Before we describe this new paradigm, however, let's briefly review the
> problems.
> 
> 
> Traditional journals aggregate academic papers by subject and deploy
> highly structured systems for evaluating and storing the accumulated
> knowledge of a scientific community. Each paper is peer reviewed by
> two or more experts, and can go through numerous revisions before it is
> accepted for publishing. Frustrated authors can find their cutting-edge
> discoveries less cutting edge after a lumbering review process has
> delayed final publication by up to a year, and in some cases longer.
> With the pace of science increasing today, that's just not fast enough.
> 
> 
> The other problem is that the vast majority of published research today
> is only available to paid subscribers. Ever increasing subscription
> fees, meanwhile, have made this research less accessible. What's worst
> is that these impediments to access persist despite the availability of
> much cheaper electronic publishing methods. Though an unlimited number
> of additional readers could access digital copies of research at
> virtually no additional cost, publishers hold back for fear of creating
> a Napster-like phenomenon.
> 
> 
> No doubt these problems are hangovers from a world of physical
> distribution and a much more limited volume of publishing. The current
> publishing regime emerged in seventeenth-century Europe, when the pace
> of discovery was glacial by twenty-first-century standards. Scientific
> journals provided the primary infrastructure for scholarly communication
> and collaboration. Apart from annual academic symposiums, journals were
> 'the' place where scientist could find out about, engage with, and
> carefully critique each other's work. Publishing journals was expensive,
> entailing significant capital and operational costs.
> 
> 
> As the scientific endeavor swells in scale and speed, however, a growing
> number of participants in the scientific ecosystem are questioning
> whether the antiquated journal system is adequate to satisfy their
> needs. New communication technologies render paper-based publishing
> obsolete. The traditional peer-reviewed journal system is already being
> augmented, if not superseded, by increasing amounts of peer-to-peer
> collaboration.
> 
> ....
> 
> As large-scale scientific collaborations become the norm, scientists
> will rely increasingly on distributed methods of collecting data,
> verifying discoveries, and testing hypotheses not only to speed things
> up, but to improve the veracity of scientific knowledge itself. Rapid
> iterative, and open-access publishing will engage a much greater
> proportion of the scientific community in the peer-review process.
> Results will be vetted by hundreds of participants on the fly, not by a
> handful of anonymous referees, up to a year later. This in turn will
> allow new knowledge to flow more quickly into practical uses and
> enterprises.
> 
> ....
> 
> When fully assembled, open-access libraries will provide unparalleled
> access to humanity's stock of knowledge. Improved access to knowledge,
> in turn, will hep deepen and broaden the progress of science, giving
> everyone from high school students to entrepreneurs the opportunity to
> tap its insights.
> 
> ....
> 
> 
> Digital libraries are only the first step in modernizing scientific
> research and publishing. More profound breakthroughs will come as
> scientists come to rely less on the "paper" as the prime vehicle for
> scientific communication and more on tools such as Blogs, Wikis, and
> Web-enabled databanks.
> 
> 
> 
> ----------------------------------
> 
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-- 
Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Florido
Departamento de Ingeniería Software
División de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico
INSTITUTO TECNOLOGICO DE CANARIAS, S.A. - GOBIERNO DE CANARIAS
URL: www.itccanarias.org Tlfno: +34 928 727548, Fax: +34 928 727517

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