itkImageToImageMetric.h

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/*=========================================================================
 *
 *  Copyright Insight Software Consortium
 *
 *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  limitations under the License.
 *
 *=========================================================================*/
#ifndef itkImageToImageMetric_h
#define itkImageToImageMetric_h

#include "itkBSplineBaseTransform.h"
#include "itkBSplineInterpolateImageFunction.h"
#include "itkSingleValuedCostFunction.h"
#include "itkGradientRecursiveGaussianImageFilter.h"
#include "itkSpatialObject.h"
#include "itkCentralDifferenceImageFunction.h"

namespace itk
{
template< typename TFixedImage,  typename TMovingImage >
class ImageToImageMetric:
  public SingleValuedCostFunction
{
public:
  typedef ImageToImageMetric         Self;
  typedef SingleValuedCostFunction   Superclass;
  typedef SmartPointer< Self >       Pointer;
  typedef SmartPointer< const Self > ConstPointer;

  typedef typename Superclass::ParametersValueType CoordinateRepresentationType;

  itkTypeMacro(ImageToImageMetric, SingleValuedCostFunction);

  typedef TMovingImage                           MovingImageType;
  typedef typename TMovingImage::PixelType       MovingImagePixelType;
  typedef typename MovingImageType::ConstPointer MovingImageConstPointer;

  typedef TFixedImage                           FixedImageType;
  typedef typename TFixedImage::PixelType       FixedImagePixelType;
  typedef typename FixedImageType::ConstPointer FixedImageConstPointer;
  typedef typename FixedImageType::RegionType   FixedImageRegionType;

  itkStaticConstMacro(MovingImageDimension,
                      unsigned int,
                      TMovingImage::ImageDimension);
  itkStaticConstMacro(FixedImageDimension,
                      unsigned int,
                      TFixedImage::ImageDimension);

  typedef Transform< CoordinateRepresentationType,
                     itkGetStaticConstMacro(MovingImageDimension),
                     itkGetStaticConstMacro(FixedImageDimension) >
  TransformType;

  typedef typename TransformType::Pointer         TransformPointer;
  typedef typename TransformType::InputPointType  InputPointType;
  typedef typename TransformType::OutputPointType OutputPointType;
  typedef typename TransformType::ParametersType  TransformParametersType;
  typedef typename TransformType::JacobianType    TransformJacobianType;

  typedef typename FixedImageType::IndexType           FixedImageIndexType;
  typedef typename FixedImageIndexType::IndexValueType FixedImageIndexValueType;
  typedef typename MovingImageType::IndexType          MovingImageIndexType;
  typedef typename TransformType::InputPointType       FixedImagePointType;
  typedef typename TransformType::OutputPointType      MovingImagePointType;

  typedef std::vector< FixedImageIndexType > FixedImageIndexContainer;

  typedef InterpolateImageFunction< MovingImageType, CoordinateRepresentationType > InterpolatorType;

  typedef typename NumericTraits< MovingImagePixelType >::RealType                   RealType;
  typedef CovariantVector< RealType, itkGetStaticConstMacro(MovingImageDimension) >  GradientPixelType;
  typedef Image< GradientPixelType, itkGetStaticConstMacro(MovingImageDimension) >   GradientImageType;
  typedef SmartPointer< GradientImageType >                                          GradientImagePointer;
  typedef GradientRecursiveGaussianImageFilter< MovingImageType, GradientImageType > GradientImageFilterType;
  typedef typename GradientImageFilterType::Pointer                                  GradientImageFilterPointer;

  typedef typename InterpolatorType::Pointer InterpolatorPointer;

  typedef SpatialObject< itkGetStaticConstMacro(FixedImageDimension) > FixedImageMaskType;
  typedef typename FixedImageMaskType::Pointer                         FixedImageMaskPointer;
  typedef typename FixedImageMaskType::ConstPointer                    FixedImageMaskConstPointer;

  typedef SpatialObject< itkGetStaticConstMacro(MovingImageDimension) > MovingImageMaskType;
  typedef typename MovingImageMaskType::Pointer                         MovingImageMaskPointer;
  typedef typename MovingImageMaskType::ConstPointer                    MovingImageMaskConstPointer;

  typedef typename Superclass::MeasureType MeasureType;

  typedef typename Superclass::DerivativeType DerivativeType;

  typedef typename Superclass::ParametersType ParametersType;

  itkSetConstObjectMacro( FixedImage, FixedImageType );
  itkGetConstObjectMacro(FixedImage, FixedImageType );

  itkSetConstObjectMacro( MovingImage, MovingImageType );
  itkGetConstObjectMacro(MovingImage, MovingImageType );

  itkSetObjectMacro( Transform, TransformType );

  itkGetModifiableObjectMacro(Transform, TransformType);

  itkSetObjectMacro(Interpolator, InterpolatorType);

  itkGetModifiableObjectMacro(Interpolator, InterpolatorType);

  SizeValueType GetNumberOfMovingImageSamples(void)
  {
    return this->GetNumberOfPixelsCounted();
  }

  itkGetConstReferenceMacro(NumberOfPixelsCounted, SizeValueType);

  virtual void SetFixedImageRegion(const FixedImageRegionType reg);

  itkGetConstReferenceMacro(FixedImageRegion, FixedImageRegionType);

  itkSetObjectMacro(MovingImageMask, MovingImageMaskType);
  itkSetConstObjectMacro(MovingImageMask, MovingImageMaskType);
  itkGetConstObjectMacro(MovingImageMask, MovingImageMaskType);

  itkSetObjectMacro(FixedImageMask, FixedImageMaskType);
  itkSetConstObjectMacro(FixedImageMask, FixedImageMaskType);
  itkGetConstObjectMacro(FixedImageMask, FixedImageMaskType);

  void SetFixedImageIndexes(const FixedImageIndexContainer & indexes);

  void SetUseFixedImageIndexes(bool useIndex);

  itkGetConstReferenceMacro(UseFixedImageIndexes, bool);

  void SetNumberOfThreads(ThreadIdType numberOfThreads);
  itkGetConstReferenceMacro(NumberOfThreads, ThreadIdType);

  itkSetMacro(ComputeGradient, bool);
  itkGetConstReferenceMacro(ComputeGradient, bool);
  itkBooleanMacro(ComputeGradient);

  virtual void ComputeGradient();

  itkGetModifiableObjectMacro(GradientImage, GradientImageType);

  void SetTransformParameters(const ParametersType & parameters) const;

  virtual unsigned int GetNumberOfParameters(void) const ITK_OVERRIDE
  {
    return m_Transform->GetNumberOfParameters();
  }

  virtual void Initialize(void)
  throw ( ExceptionObject );

  virtual void MultiThreadingInitialize(void) throw ( ExceptionObject );

  virtual void SetNumberOfFixedImageSamples(SizeValueType numSamples);
  itkGetConstReferenceMacro(NumberOfFixedImageSamples, SizeValueType);

  void SetNumberOfSpatialSamples(SizeValueType num)
  {
    this->SetNumberOfFixedImageSamples(num);
  }

  SizeValueType GetNumberOfSpatialSamples(void)
  {
    return this->GetNumberOfFixedImageSamples();
  }

  void SetFixedImageSamplesIntensityThreshold(const FixedImagePixelType & thresh);

  itkGetConstReferenceMacro(FixedImageSamplesIntensityThreshold, FixedImagePixelType);

  void SetUseFixedImageSamplesIntensityThreshold(bool useThresh);

  itkGetConstReferenceMacro(UseFixedImageSamplesIntensityThreshold, bool);

  void SetUseAllPixels(bool useAllPixels);

  void UseAllPixelsOn(void)
  {
    this->SetUseAllPixels(true);
  }

  void UseAllPixelsOff(void)
  {
    this->SetUseAllPixels(false);
  }

  itkGetConstReferenceMacro(UseAllPixels, bool);

  void SetUseSequentialSampling(bool sequentialSampling);

  itkGetConstReferenceMacro(UseSequentialSampling, bool);

  void ReinitializeSeed();
  void ReinitializeSeed(int seed);

  itkSetMacro(UseCachingOfBSplineWeights, bool);
  itkGetConstReferenceMacro(UseCachingOfBSplineWeights, bool);
  itkBooleanMacro(UseCachingOfBSplineWeights);

  typedef MultiThreader MultiThreaderType;
  itkGetModifiableObjectMacro(Threader, MultiThreaderType);
  const TransformPointer * GetThreaderTransform()
  {
    return m_ThreaderTransform;
  }

protected:
  ImageToImageMetric();
  virtual ~ImageToImageMetric();

  virtual void PrintSelf(std::ostream & os, Indent indent) const ITK_OVERRIDE;

  class FixedImageSamplePoint
  {
public:
    FixedImageSamplePoint()
    {
      point.Fill(0.0);
      value = 0;
      valueIndex = 0;
    }

    ~FixedImageSamplePoint() {}

public:
    FixedImagePointType point;
    double              value;
    unsigned int        valueIndex;
  };

  bool                     m_UseFixedImageIndexes;
  FixedImageIndexContainer m_FixedImageIndexes;

  bool                m_UseFixedImageSamplesIntensityThreshold;
  FixedImagePixelType m_FixedImageSamplesIntensityThreshold;

  typedef std::vector< FixedImageSamplePoint > FixedImageSampleContainer;

  virtual void SampleFixedImageRegion(FixedImageSampleContainer & samples) const;

  virtual void SampleFixedImageIndexes(FixedImageSampleContainer & samples) const;

  virtual void SampleFullFixedImageRegion(FixedImageSampleContainer &
                                          samples) const;

  FixedImageSampleContainer m_FixedImageSamples;

  SizeValueType          m_NumberOfParameters;

  SizeValueType m_NumberOfFixedImageSamples;
  //m_NumberOfPixelsCounted must be mutable because the const
  //thread consolidation functions merge each threads valus
  //onto this accumulator variable.
  mutable SizeValueType m_NumberOfPixelsCounted;

  FixedImageConstPointer  m_FixedImage;
  MovingImageConstPointer m_MovingImage;

  TransformPointer m_Transform;

  TransformPointer *m_ThreaderTransform;

  InterpolatorPointer m_Interpolator;

  bool                 m_ComputeGradient;
  GradientImagePointer m_GradientImage;

  FixedImageMaskConstPointer  m_FixedImageMask;
  MovingImageMaskConstPointer m_MovingImageMask;

  ThreadIdType m_NumberOfThreads;

  bool m_UseAllPixels;
  bool m_UseSequentialSampling;

  bool m_ReseedIterator;

  int m_RandomSeed;

  bool m_TransformIsBSpline;

  SizeValueType m_NumBSplineWeights;

  itkStaticConstMacro(DeformationSplineOrder, unsigned int, 3);

  typedef BSplineBaseTransform< CoordinateRepresentationType,
                                       FixedImageType ::ImageDimension,
                                      itkGetStaticConstMacro(DeformationSplineOrder) >             BSplineTransformType;

  typedef typename BSplineTransformType::WeightsType      BSplineTransformWeightsType;
  typedef typename BSplineTransformWeightsType::ValueType WeightsValueType;
  typedef          Array2D< WeightsValueType >            BSplineTransformWeightsArrayType;

  typedef typename BSplineTransformType::ParameterIndexArrayType BSplineTransformIndexArrayType;
  typedef typename BSplineTransformIndexArrayType::ValueType     IndexValueType;
  typedef          Array2D< IndexValueType >                     BSplineTransformIndicesArrayType;

  typedef std::vector< MovingImagePointType > MovingImagePointArrayType;
  typedef std::vector< bool >                 BooleanArrayType;
  typedef FixedArray< SizeValueType,  FixedImageType ::ImageDimension > BSplineParametersOffsetType;
  typedef BSplineInterpolateImageFunction< MovingImageType,
                                           CoordinateRepresentationType >
  BSplineInterpolatorType;

  typedef CentralDifferenceImageFunction< MovingImageType,
                                          CoordinateRepresentationType >
  DerivativeFunctionType;
  typedef CovariantVector< double, itkGetStaticConstMacro(MovingImageDimension) >
  ImageDerivativesType;

  typename BSplineTransformType::Pointer m_BSplineTransform;

  BSplineTransformWeightsArrayType m_BSplineTransformWeightsArray;
  BSplineTransformIndicesArrayType m_BSplineTransformIndicesArray;
  MovingImagePointArrayType        m_BSplinePreTransformPointsArray;
  BooleanArrayType                 m_WithinBSplineSupportRegionArray;

  BSplineParametersOffsetType m_BSplineParametersOffset;

  // Variables needed for optionally caching values when using a BSpline
  // transform.
  bool                                   m_UseCachingOfBSplineWeights;
  mutable BSplineTransformWeightsType    m_BSplineTransformWeights;
  mutable BSplineTransformIndexArrayType m_BSplineTransformIndices;

  mutable BSplineTransformWeightsType    *m_ThreaderBSplineTransformWeights;
  mutable BSplineTransformIndexArrayType *m_ThreaderBSplineTransformIndices;

  virtual void PreComputeTransformValues();

  virtual void TransformPoint(unsigned int sampleNumber,
                              MovingImagePointType & mappedPoint,
                              bool & sampleWithinSupportRegion,
                              double & movingImageValue,
                              ThreadIdType threadId) const;

  virtual void TransformPointWithDerivatives(unsigned int sampleNumber,
                                             MovingImagePointType & mappedPoint,
                                             bool & sampleWithinSupportRegion,
                                             double & movingImageValue,
                                             ImageDerivativesType & gradient,
                                             ThreadIdType threadId) const;

  bool m_InterpolatorIsBSpline;

  typename BSplineInterpolatorType::Pointer m_BSplineInterpolator;

  typename DerivativeFunctionType::Pointer m_DerivativeCalculator;

  virtual void ComputeImageDerivatives(const MovingImagePointType & mappedPoint,
                                       ImageDerivativesType & gradient,
                                       ThreadIdType threadId) const;

  struct MultiThreaderParameterType {
    ImageToImageMetric *metric;
  };

  MultiThreaderType::Pointer m_Threader;
  MultiThreaderParameterType m_ThreaderParameter;
  mutable unsigned int *     m_ThreaderNumberOfMovingImageSamples;
  bool                       m_WithinThreadPreProcess;
  bool                       m_WithinThreadPostProcess;

  void                           GetValueMultiThreadedPreProcessInitiate() const;

  void                           GetValueMultiThreadedInitiate() const;

  void                           GetValueMultiThreadedPostProcessInitiate() const;

  static ITK_THREAD_RETURN_TYPE  GetValueMultiThreadedPreProcess(void *arg);

  static ITK_THREAD_RETURN_TYPE  GetValueMultiThreaded(void *arg);

  static ITK_THREAD_RETURN_TYPE  GetValueMultiThreadedPostProcess(void *arg);

  virtual inline void       GetValueThread(ThreadIdType threadId) const;

  virtual inline void       GetValueThreadPreProcess(
    ThreadIdType itkNotUsed(threadId),
    bool itkNotUsed(withinSampleThread) ) const
  {}
  virtual inline bool       GetValueThreadProcessSample(
    ThreadIdType itkNotUsed(threadId),
    SizeValueType itkNotUsed(fixedImageSample),
    const MovingImagePointType & itkNotUsed(mappedPoint),
    double itkNotUsed(movingImageValue) ) const
  { return false; }
  virtual inline void       GetValueThreadPostProcess(
    ThreadIdType itkNotUsed(threadId),
    bool itkNotUsed(withinSampleThread) ) const
  {}

  void                          GetValueAndDerivativeMultiThreadedPreProcessInitiate() const;

  void                          GetValueAndDerivativeMultiThreadedInitiate() const;

  void                          GetValueAndDerivativeMultiThreadedPostProcessInitiate() const;

  static ITK_THREAD_RETURN_TYPE GetValueAndDerivativeMultiThreadedPreProcess(void *arg);

  static ITK_THREAD_RETURN_TYPE GetValueAndDerivativeMultiThreaded(void *arg);

  static ITK_THREAD_RETURN_TYPE GetValueAndDerivativeMultiThreadedPostProcess(void *arg);

  virtual inline void  GetValueAndDerivativeThread(ThreadIdType threadId) const;

  virtual inline void  GetValueAndDerivativeThreadPreProcess(
    ThreadIdType itkNotUsed(threadId),
    bool itkNotUsed(withinSampleThread) ) const
  {}
  virtual inline bool  GetValueAndDerivativeThreadProcessSample(
    ThreadIdType itkNotUsed(threadId),
    SizeValueType itkNotUsed(fixedImageSample),
    const MovingImagePointType & itkNotUsed(mappedPoint),
    double itkNotUsed(movingImageValue),
    const ImageDerivativesType & itkNotUsed(movingImageGradientValue) ) const
  { return false; }
  virtual inline void  GetValueAndDerivativeThreadPostProcess(
    ThreadIdType itkNotUsed(threadId),
    bool itkNotUsed(withinSampleThread) ) const
  {}

  virtual void SynchronizeTransforms() const;

private:
  ImageToImageMetric(const Self &); //purposely not implemented
  void operator=(const Self &);     //purposely not implemented

  FixedImageRegionType m_FixedImageRegion;
};
} // end namespace itk

#ifndef ITK_MANUAL_INSTANTIATION
#include "itkImageToImageMetric.hxx"
#endif

#endif