itkHistogram.h

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/*=========================================================================
 *
 *  Copyright Insight Software Consortium
 *
 *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  limitations under the License.
 *
 *=========================================================================*/
#ifndef itkHistogram_h
#define itkHistogram_h

#include <vector>

#include "itkArray.h"
#include "itkSample.h"
#include "itkDenseFrequencyContainer2.h"
#include "itkSparseFrequencyContainer2.h"

namespace itk
{
namespace Statistics
{

template< typename TMeasurement = float,
          typename TFrequencyContainer = DenseFrequencyContainer2 >
class ITK_TEMPLATE_EXPORT Histogram:
  public Sample< Array< TMeasurement > >
{
public:
  ITK_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(Histogram);

  // This type serves as the indirect definition of MeasurementVectorType
  using ArrayType = Array< TMeasurement >;

  using Self = Histogram;
  using Superclass = Sample< ArrayType  >;
  using Pointer = SmartPointer< Self >;
  using ConstPointer = SmartPointer< const Self >;

  itkTypeMacro(Histogram, Sample);

  itkNewMacro(Self);

  using MeasurementType = TMeasurement;

  using MeasurementVectorType = typename Superclass::MeasurementVectorType;
  using InstanceIdentifier = typename Superclass::InstanceIdentifier;
  using MeasurementVectorSizeType = typename Superclass::MeasurementVectorSizeType;

  using ValueType = MeasurementVectorType;

  using FrequencyContainerType = TFrequencyContainer;
  using FrequencyContainerPointer = typename FrequencyContainerType::Pointer;

  using AbsoluteFrequencyType = typename FrequencyContainerType::AbsoluteFrequencyType;
  using TotalAbsoluteFrequencyType = typename FrequencyContainerType::TotalAbsoluteFrequencyType;
  using RelativeFrequencyType = typename FrequencyContainerType::RelativeFrequencyType;
  using TotalRelativeFrequencyType = typename FrequencyContainerType::TotalRelativeFrequencyType;

  using IndexType = Array< ::itk::IndexValueType >;
  using IndexValueType = typename IndexType::ValueType;

  using SizeType = Array< ::itk::SizeValueType >;
  using SizeValueType = typename SizeType::ValueType;

  using BinMinVectorType = std::vector< MeasurementType >;
  using BinMaxVectorType = std::vector< MeasurementType >;
  using BinMinContainerType = std::vector< BinMinVectorType >;
  using BinMaxContainerType = std::vector< BinMaxVectorType >;

  void Initialize(const SizeType & size);

  void Initialize(const SizeType & size, MeasurementVectorType & lowerBound,
                  MeasurementVectorType & upperBound);

  void SetToZero();

  bool GetIndex(const MeasurementVectorType & measurement,
                IndexType & index) const;

  const IndexType & GetIndex(InstanceIdentifier id) const;

  itkGetConstMacro(ClipBinsAtEnds, bool);

  itkSetMacro(ClipBinsAtEnds, bool);

  bool IsIndexOutOfBounds(const IndexType & index) const;

  InstanceIdentifier GetInstanceIdentifier(const IndexType & index) const;

  InstanceIdentifier Size() const override;

  const SizeType & GetSize() const;

  SizeValueType GetSize(unsigned int dimension) const;

  const MeasurementType & GetBinMin(unsigned int dimension,
                                    InstanceIdentifier nbin) const;

  const MeasurementType & GetBinMax(unsigned int dimension,
                                    InstanceIdentifier nbin) const;

  void SetBinMin(unsigned int dimension, InstanceIdentifier nbin,
                 MeasurementType min);

  void SetBinMax(unsigned int dimension,
                 InstanceIdentifier nbin, MeasurementType max);

  const MeasurementType & GetBinMinFromValue(unsigned int dimension,
                                             float value) const;

  const MeasurementType & GetBinMaxFromValue(unsigned int dimension,
                                             float value) const;

  const BinMinVectorType & GetDimensionMins(unsigned int dimension) const;

  const BinMaxVectorType & GetDimensionMaxs(unsigned int dimension) const;

  const BinMinContainerType & GetMins() const;

  const BinMaxContainerType & GetMaxs() const;

  const MeasurementVectorType & GetHistogramMinFromIndex(const IndexType & index) const;

  const MeasurementVectorType & GetHistogramMaxFromIndex(const IndexType & index) const;

  AbsoluteFrequencyType GetFrequency(InstanceIdentifier id) const override;

  AbsoluteFrequencyType GetFrequency(const IndexType & index) const;

  void SetFrequency(AbsoluteFrequencyType value);

  bool SetFrequency(InstanceIdentifier id, AbsoluteFrequencyType value);

  bool SetFrequencyOfIndex(const IndexType & index,
                    AbsoluteFrequencyType value);

  bool SetFrequencyOfMeasurement(const MeasurementVectorType & measurement,
                                  AbsoluteFrequencyType value);

  bool IncreaseFrequency(InstanceIdentifier id, AbsoluteFrequencyType value);

  bool IncreaseFrequencyOfIndex(const IndexType & index,
                                 AbsoluteFrequencyType value);

  bool IncreaseFrequencyOfMeasurement(
         const MeasurementVectorType & measurement,
         AbsoluteFrequencyType value);

  const MeasurementVectorType & GetMeasurementVector(InstanceIdentifier id) const override;

  const MeasurementVectorType & GetMeasurementVector(const IndexType & index) const;

  MeasurementType GetMeasurement(InstanceIdentifier n,
                                 unsigned int dimension) const;

  TotalAbsoluteFrequencyType GetTotalFrequency() const override;

  AbsoluteFrequencyType GetFrequency(InstanceIdentifier n,
                                     unsigned int dimension) const;

  double Quantile(unsigned int dimension, double p) const;

  double Mean(unsigned int dimension) const;

  void Graft(const DataObject *) override;

protected:
  void PrintSelf(std::ostream & os, Indent indent) const override;

public:

  class ConstIterator
  {
public:

    friend class Histogram;

    ConstIterator(const Self *histogram)
    {
      m_Id = 0;
      m_Histogram = histogram;
    }

    ConstIterator(const ConstIterator & it)
    {
      m_Id        = it.m_Id;
      m_Histogram = it.m_Histogram;
    }

    ConstIterator & operator=(const ConstIterator & it)
    {
      m_Id  = it.m_Id;
      m_Histogram = it.m_Histogram;
      return *this;
    }

    AbsoluteFrequencyType GetFrequency() const
    {
      return m_Histogram->GetFrequency(m_Id);
    }

    InstanceIdentifier GetInstanceIdentifier() const
    {
      return m_Id;
    }

    const MeasurementVectorType & GetMeasurementVector() const
    {
      return m_Histogram->GetMeasurementVector(m_Id);
    }

    const IndexType & GetIndex() const
    {
      return m_Histogram->GetIndex(m_Id);
    }

    ConstIterator & operator++()
    {
      ++m_Id;
      return *this;
    }

    bool operator!=(const ConstIterator & it)
    {
      return ( m_Id != it.m_Id );
    }

    bool operator==(const ConstIterator & it)
    {
      return ( m_Id == it.m_Id );
    }

protected:

    ConstIterator(InstanceIdentifier id, const Self *histogram):
      m_Id(id), m_Histogram(histogram)
    {}

    // ConstIterator pointing DenseFrequencyContainer
    InstanceIdentifier m_Id;

    // Pointer of DenseFrequencyContainer
    const Self *m_Histogram;
private:
    ConstIterator() = delete;
  };   // end of iterator class

  class Iterator:public ConstIterator
  {
public:

    Iterator(Self *histogram):ConstIterator(histogram)
    {}

    Iterator(InstanceIdentifier id, Self *histogram):
      ConstIterator(id, histogram)
    {}

    Iterator(const Iterator & it):ConstIterator(it)
    {}

    Iterator & operator=(const Iterator & it)
    {
      this->ConstIterator::operator=(it);
      return *this;
    }

    bool SetFrequency(const AbsoluteFrequencyType value)
    {
      auto * histogram = const_cast< Self * >( this->m_Histogram );

      return histogram->SetFrequency(this->m_Id, value);
    }

private:
    // To ensure const-correctness these method must not be in the public API.
    // The are not implemented, since they should never be called.
    Iterator() = delete;
    Iterator(const Self *histogram) = delete;
    Iterator(InstanceIdentifier id, const Self *histogram) = delete;
    Iterator(const ConstIterator & it) = delete;
    ConstIterator & operator=(const ConstIterator & it) = delete;
  };   // end of iterator class

  Iterator  Begin()
  {
    Iterator iter(0, this);

    return iter;
  }

  Iterator  End()
  {
    return Iterator(m_OffsetTable[this->GetMeasurementVectorSize()], this);
  }

  ConstIterator  Begin() const
  {
    ConstIterator iter(0, this);

    return iter;
  }

  ConstIterator End() const
  {
    return ConstIterator(m_OffsetTable[this->GetMeasurementVectorSize()], this);
  }

protected:
  Histogram();
  ~Histogram() override = default;

  // The number of bins for each dimension
  SizeType m_Size;

private:
  using OffsetTableType = std::vector< InstanceIdentifier >;
  OffsetTableType           m_OffsetTable;
  FrequencyContainerPointer m_FrequencyContainer;
  unsigned int              m_NumberOfInstances{0};

  // This method is provided here just to avoid a "hidden" warning
  // related to the virtual method available in DataObject.
  void Initialize() override {}

  // lower bound of each bin
  std::vector< std::vector< MeasurementType > > m_Min;

  // upper bound of each bin
  std::vector< std::vector< MeasurementType > > m_Max;

  mutable MeasurementVectorType m_TempMeasurementVector;
  mutable IndexType             m_TempIndex;

  bool m_ClipBinsAtEnds{true};
};
} // end of namespace Statistics
} // end of namespace itk

#ifndef ITK_MANUAL_INSTANTIATION
#include "itkHistogram.hxx"
#endif

#endif